An important nectar source for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, Milkweed (Asclepias) is an essential native addition to your yard. Fill your garden with colors of red, orange, and yellow while you attract beneficial nectar-seeking insects like the Monarch Butterfly.
When & Where to Plant
Milkweed is a hardy plant that is native to US swamps and grows easily in consistently wet or damp soils that drain well and are joined by full sun. Be sure to plant in a location that is not visited by pets, as the sap of asclepias is toxic when cut. These flowers should be planted outdoors after the first frost begins in the fall in order to cold-stratify the seeds in time for the spring. Alternatively, you can start the seeds indoors after refrigerating them for six to eight weeks before sowing. Once you've selected your planting location, plant the seeds 1/4 inch deep into the soil and water lightly.
Best flowering occurs in full sun for most varieties; however, purple milkweed prefers partial shade. Soil should be light and well-draining. These flowers thrive in sunny borders, pond banks, and in butterfly gardens.
How to Plant
If starting seeds indoors, scatter seeds about 1/2" apart, covering with about 1/8" soil mix. Water thoroughly and place either in a sunny window or under grow lights, maintaining a temperature of about 75° F. Seeds should germinate in 7-10 days. Once plants are 3-6" tall or when they have 4-5 leaves, transplant into the garden by loosening the soil and plant seedlings 6-24" apart, depending on the species.
If you plan to direct sow seeds outdoors after the first frost. Plant 6 - 24" apart and lightly cover with soil.
Caring for Milkweed
Water plants regularly and add mulch around seedlings to hold in moisture. No fertilizer is needed. Remove old foliage before new leaves emerge and divide clumps every 2-3 years in early spring to encourage returning blooms. Keep in mind that Milkweed will also self-seed in the late fall. To control this, simply remove all seed pods in the early fall before they release. Fertilization is not necessary. To reduce competition for weeds or other unwanted plants, place mulch around each plant.
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